Subsurface geological, hydrogeophysical and engineering characterisation of Etioro-Akoko, southwestern Nigeria, using electrical resistivity tomography

Noninvasive geoelectrical subsurface characterisation provides screening of the earth medium to resolve complexity in geology caused by inhomogeneity overburden strata and bedrock architectures. The geological, hydrogeophysical engineering conditions Etioro-Akoko, southwestern Nigeria, were investigated using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). This was aimed at unravelling hydrogeodynamic litho-structural that are responsible for low groundwater yield wells/boreholes foundation failures. Field 2D data sets study area inverted used produce geotomographic models detailed insights into complex geological setting. Results showed three four distinct layers; topsoil, weathered layer, partially weathered/fractured fresh bedrock. Bedrock structures occasioned fracturing deep weathering delineated with resistivities thicknesses ranging from 40 950 Ωm 10–25 m, respectively. fracture systems; F1, F2, F3, F4 F5 NW-SE, NNW-SSE, NE-SW ENE-WSW orientations act as major collecting centres area. geometries these geologic features manifestations structural deformation underlying geology. Fourteen hand-dug well borehole points proposed based on ERT results. Conversely, localised oscillating topography suggestive potential threats foundations studied Reinforcement concrete certain sites where suggested not capable bearing loads recommended well. has offered a understanding disposition sustainable development siting durable civil other areas typical settings.